Class 12-chemistry: Solutions-Types of Solution and Examples

Types of Solution

In a solution, components may be solid, liquid, or gas. On this basis, solutions can be divided into the following three types –

• Gaseous solution
• Liquid solution
• Solid solution

Gasesous Solution

Solutions in which solvent is present in a gaseous state are called gaseous solutions. Gaseous solutions can be divided into the following three types on the basis of phases of solute and solvent.

• Gas – Gas Solution
• Liquid-Gas Solution
• Solid – Gas Solution

Gas – Gas Solution — Example of Gas to Gas Solution

Solutions in which solute and solvent both are gases; are called Gas-gas Solutions. For example – solution (mixture) of nitrogen and oxygen, solution (mixture) of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, solution (mixture) of carbon dioxide and oxygen, etc.

Liquid Gas Solution

Solutions, in which the solute is in a liquid state and the solvent is in a gaseous state, are called Liquid-Gas Solutions. For example – a solution (mixture) of chloroform in nitrogen gas.

Solid Gas Solution

Solutions, in which the solute is in a solid state and the solvent is in a gaseous state, are called Solid-Gas Solutions. For example – A solution (mixture) of camphor in nitrogen gas.

Liquid Solution:

Solutions, in which solvent is present in a liquid state, are called Liquid solutions. Liquid solutions can be classified into the following three types –

• Gas – Liquid Solution
• Liquid – Liquid Solution
• Solid-Liquid Solution

Gas – Liquid Solution — Gas Liquid Solution Example

Solutions having solute in a gaseous state and solvent in a liquid state, are called Gas – Liquid Solutions. For example – A solution (mixture) of oxygen in water, and a mixture of carbon dioxide in water. Coca-cola, a beverage, is an example of a gas-liquid solution, as it has carbon dioxide dissolved in water.

Liquid – Liquid Solution

Solutions, in which solute and solvent both are present in the liquid state, are called liquid solutions. For example – In a vinegar solution, vinegar is a mixture of ethanoic acid and water. Solution of ethanol in water, etc.

Solid – Liquid — Solid Liquid Solution Example

Solutions, in which solutes are present in a solid state and solvent is in a liquid state, are called solid-liquid solutions. For example – A solution of salt in water, a solution of glucose in water, etc.

Solid Solution

Solutions having solvents in the solid state are called solid solutions. The solid solution can be divided into the following three categories:

• Gas – Solid Solution
• Liquid – Solid Solution
• Solid – Solid Solution

Gas – Solid Solution

Solutions having solvents in a solid state and solutes in a gaseous state are called gas-solid solutions. Example – solution of hydrogen in palladium.

Liquid – Solid Solution

Solutions having solvents in a solid state and solutes in a liquid state are called liquid-solid solutions. For example amalgam of mercury with sodium.

Solid – solid solution

Solutions having solvent and solute both in the solid state are called solid–solid solutions. Example – Solution of gold and copper.